ASSOCIATION OF HYPOMAGNESEMIA WITH LONG-TERM GLYCEMIC CONTROL AND DURATION OF TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To determine the frequency of hypomagnesemia in patients with diabetes mellitus and its association with glycemic control.

METHODOLOGY

This cross-sectional study utilized a non-probability consecutive sampling method to enroll 151 type 2 diabetes patients at Dr. Ruth K.M. Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi. Eligible participants were aged 18–60 years, with diabetes for over three years and on oral hypoglycemic agents. Data on hypomagnesemia, glycemic control, and disease duration were interpreted using SPSS version 26.0, statistical significance was determined using a p-value of <0.05.

RESULTS

The research included 151 cases with a average age of 52.15±6.06 years, of whom 51.7% were male. Hypomagnesemia was observed in 29.1% of participants. A significant association was found between hypomagnesemia and poor glycemic control, with 35.6% of patients having HbA1c >7.5% affected (p=0.021). Hypomagnesemia was also more prevalent in those with diabetes duration ≥10 years (35.6%) compared to ≤10 years (19.7%) (p=0.035), highlighting its link to long-term glycemic control and diabetes duration.

CONCLUSION

It is to be concluded that significant association was noted between hypomagnesemia with poor glycemic control, and prolonged type 2 diabetes. Regular monitoring of magnesium can help in identification and treatment, thus ensuring better blood sugar control and fewer complications. Further large-scale study is needed on the role of magnesium supplementation in diabetes care to validate the findings of current study.