FREQUENCY OF RETINOPATHIC CHANGES IN PREVIOUSLY UNDIAGNOSED DIABETIC PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
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Published:
2025-07-20
Keywords:
Diabetic retinopathy, Acute coronary syndrome, Diabetes mellitus, Glycated hemoglobin A
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Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) significantly increases heart risk, and diabetic retinopathy (DR) serves as a microvascular marker of systemic vascular dysfunction. However, the frequency of DR remains unlike the previously undiagnosed diabetics introduced with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Objective: To determine the frequency of retinopathic changes in previously undiagnosed diabetic patients admitted with ACS. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 150 adults (35–75 years) with ACS in a tertiary care hospital for a period of six months from January 2025 till June 2025. Absence of diabetic history but glycated hemoglobin (HBA1C)> 6.4% were enrolled. Fundoscopic examination was demonstrated under mydriasis to detect retinopathy. The associations with demographic and diagnostic variables were analyzed using Chi-Square and T-tests. Results: Retinopathic changes were found in 40% (n = 60) of patients. People with retinopathy were old (60.78 ± 7.55 vs. 55.49 ± 7.79 years, p<0.001) and high HBA1C level (9.45 ± 0.72% vs 8.59 ± 0.73%, p<0.001). Important associations were noted with male sex (p = 0.003), smoking (p <0.001), hypertension (p = 0.003), anemia (P <0.001), and dyslipidemia (P = 0.005). The ACS types consisted of STEMI (46%), NSTEMI (35.3%), and unstable angina (18.7%).
Conclusions: The adequate proportion of undiagnosed diabetic patients with ACS displays DR, which highlights its role as an early marker of systemic vascular injury. Regular retinal screening in ACS patients can increase heart risk stratification and enable time intervention.
Objective: To determine the frequency of retinopathic changes in previously undiagnosed diabetic patients admitted with ACS. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 150 adults (35–75 years) with ACS in a tertiary care hospital for a period of six months from January 2025 till June 2025. Absence of diabetic history but glycated hemoglobin (HBA1C)> 6.4% were enrolled. Fundoscopic examination was demonstrated under mydriasis to detect retinopathy. The associations with demographic and diagnostic variables were analyzed using Chi-Square and T-tests. Results: Retinopathic changes were found in 40% (n = 60) of patients. People with retinopathy were old (60.78 ± 7.55 vs. 55.49 ± 7.79 years, p<0.001) and high HBA1C level (9.45 ± 0.72% vs 8.59 ± 0.73%, p<0.001). Important associations were noted with male sex (p = 0.003), smoking (p <0.001), hypertension (p = 0.003), anemia (P <0.001), and dyslipidemia (P = 0.005). The ACS types consisted of STEMI (46%), NSTEMI (35.3%), and unstable angina (18.7%).
Conclusions: The adequate proportion of undiagnosed diabetic patients with ACS displays DR, which highlights its role as an early marker of systemic vascular injury. Regular retinal screening in ACS patients can increase heart risk stratification and enable time intervention.
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FREQUENCY OF RETINOPATHIC CHANGES IN PREVIOUSLY UNDIAGNOSED DIABETIC PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME. (2025). The Research of Medical Science Review, 3(7), 2188-2194. https://medicalsciencereview.com/index.php/Journal/article/view/2240