FREQUENCY OF PERIPHERAL ARTERY DISEASE IN THE CASES PRESENTING WITH DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

Background: Due to inconsistent findings in existing literature regarding PAD frequency in diabetics, this study aimed to determine the actual burden, enabling early identification, anticipatory screening, and appropriate management to prevent serious vascular complications.

Objective: To determine the frequency of peripheral artery disease in the cases presenting with Diabetes Mellitus.

Duration: Six months w.e.f July 2024 till Dec 2024

Methodology: After approval of the synopsis and ethical review committee (ERC) approval, patients were informed about the study objectives and written consent was obtained. Detailed information on risk factors, including smoking, hypertension, and obesity, was recorded. Peripheral artery disease was diagnosed through ankle-brachial index measurements. All data were systematically collected using a structured proforma and analyzed with SPSS version 23.0 for statistical evaluation.

Results: The study included 237 diabetic patients with a mean age of 44.84 ± 9.87 years; 58.6% were aged 41–60 years, and 58.6% were male. PAD was present in 35.0% of patients. Higher PAD frequency was observed among smokers (40.0%), hypertensives (37.5%), obese individuals (36.2%), and females (35.7%), though differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusion: Peripheral Artery Disease was identified in 35.0% of diabetic patients. Although slightly higher in certain subgroups, no significant differences were found. These findings support the need for routine screening to prevent complications and improve diabetic patient outcomes.