ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY AND DETECTION OF HEAVY METALS IN HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS MOLITRIX IN TANDA DAM KOHAT, PAKISTAN

Abstract

This study systematically assessed Tanda Dam’s water quality in Kohat, Pakistan, focusing on the health of its water and the heavy metal bioaccumulation in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. The three-fold objectives revolved around evaluating water quality, heavy metal concentrations in Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, and the presence of these metals in the water and lake sediments. Using a precise collection and examination method, both fish and water samples were analyzed at the Qurtuba University of Science and IT, Peshawar. While standard water quality indicators such as Dissolved Oxygen and pH showcased an optimal environment, discrepancies in heavy metal concentrations became evident. Notably, water samples had low levels of metals like lead and chromium, but heightened concentrations of zinc and manganese. Alarmingly, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix exhibited significant metal accumulation, particularly in the liver and skin, raising ecological and health concerns. Potential sources of these heavy metal variabilities include nearby industrial activities, farming practices, and regional geography. The study emphasizes the importance of routine water monitoring at Tanda Dam, recommending stricter regulations, sustainable agricultural methods, and heightened community awareness. In essence, the research offers valuable insights into Tanda Dam’s aquatic ecosystem, bridging the nexus between industrial advancement, agricultural demands, and ecological safeguarding.