PATTERN OF HISTOPATHOLOGICAL VARIATION IN PATIENTS OPERATED FOR ADRENAXAL MASSES OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE GROUP

Abstract

Background:

Adnexal masses are commonly encountered in women of reproductive age and encompass a wide range of benign, malignant, and borderline pathologies. Accurate diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are essential for effective management and improved outcomes.

Objectives:
To evaluate the histopathological variations of adnexal masses in women aged 15–49 years and assess their clinical outcomes over a 6-month postoperative period.

Methodology:
This prospective observational study was conducted at Aziz Fatima Hospital Faisalabad over a 6-month period. A total of 30 female patients aged 15–49 years who underwent surgery for adnexal masses were included. Data were collected using a structured proforma covering demographic details, clinical presentation, imaging findings, surgical procedures, and histopathological reports. Patients were followed for 6 months postoperatively. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential methods, with significance set at p < 0.05.

Results:
The mean age of patients was 34 ± 7 years. The most common presenting symptom was abdominal pain (53.33%), followed by menstrual irregularities (26.67%) and infertility (20%). Histopathological examination of the surgical specimens revealed that 66.67% of the adnexal masses were benign, 23.33% were malignant, and 10% were borderline tumors.

Among the benign tumors, serous cystadenomas were the most frequent (40%), followed by teratomas (34.72%) and endometriomas (26.08%). Among the malignant tumors, serous carcinoma was the predominant type (13.33%), followed by mucinous carcinoma (4.67%) and endometrioid carcinoma (4.67%). No major postoperative complications or malignant recurrences were observed. A significant association was found between tumor type and presenting symptoms (p = 0.03).

Conclusion:
Most adnexal masses in reproductive-age women are benign and are associated with favorable outcomes following surgical intervention. Accurate histopathological evaluation is essential for establishing a definitive diagnosis and guiding appropriate management, ensuring optimal care and long-term outcomes for affected patients.