FETAL OUTCOME IN UNEXPLAINED OLIGOHYDRAMNIOS

Abstract

Objective: To assess fetal outcomes in unexplained oligohydramnios, including low APGAR scores, low birth weight, and NICU admissions.

Study Design: Descriptive observational study.

Duration & place of study:  Obstetrics & Gynecology department of Hameed Latif Hospital Lahore, Pakistan, from 06/08/ 2024 to 06/02/2025.

Methodology: Ninety pregnant women with diagnosis of oligohydramnios were enrolled and data regarding maternal demographics age, parity, gestational age, and neonatal status (APGAR score at five minutes, birth weight, and neonatal intensive care unit admission) were recorded. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS 25 employing the chi-square test, where a p-value of less than 0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: Neonates born to 90 pregnant women with diagnosis of oligohyramnios were assessed. Among these neonates, 18 (20%) had an APGAR score below 7 at 5 minutes, 31% had a low birth weight (less than 2.5 kg), and 15% required admission to the NICU. Although younger mothers seemed to have more babies with low APGAR scores but the difference across age groups did not achieve statistical significance (p=0.047).

Conclusion: Unexplained oligohydramnios is associated with increased risks of low APGAR scores, low birth weight, and NICU admission. Early detection and timely intervention can significantly improve fetal outcomes.