CORRELATION OF VITAMIN D AND GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN (HBA1C) IN TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FROM FEDERAL GOVERNMENT POLYCLINIC HOSPITAL, ISLAMABAD

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been increasingly associated with impaired glucose metabolism and poor glycemic control in Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) remains the most reliable marker for assessing long-term glycemic control.

Objective: To determine the correlation between serum Vitamin D levels and HbA1c in patients with T2DM presenting to Federal Government Polyclinic Hospital, Islamabad.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 adult T2DM patients. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and HbA1c levels were measured. Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to assess the relationship.

Results: The mean serum Vitamin D level was 18.6 ± 6.1 ng/mL and the mean HbA1c was 8.1 ± 1.2%. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between Vitamin D and HbA1c (r = –0.36; p < 0.001). Patients with Vitamin D deficiency had substantially higher HbA1c values.

Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency is significantly associated with poor glycemic control in T2DM patients. Screening and correction of Vitamin D deficiency may contribute to better metabolic outcomes.