ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF HAEMATOLOGICAL CHANGES IN PREGNANCY RELATED PATHOLOGICAL COMPLICATIONS

Abstract

Pregnancy induced hematological changes, includes increased blood volume and altered clotting factors, leads to hypercoagulability and potential complications like deep vein thrombosis and preeclampsia. Anaemia occurs due to expanded plasma volume surpassing red blood cell production, elevating risks of preterm birth and maternal fatigue. Platelet count variations affect hemostasis, impacting labor and contributing to bleeding disorders, gradual increase in WBC’s indicates presence of infections. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the association between changes in the hematological profile and risks associated with hematological changes in pregnancy related complication. A prospective cohort study at Khursheed Medical Complex over 8-12 months involved 200 women participants, divided into two groups: first group included 100 pregnant women with pathological complications like anemia, preeclampsia, eclampsia, gestational diabetes, hyperemesis gravidarum and second group included non-pregnant healthy women. Out of 100 pregnant women, anemia was prevalent in 67% of women, gestational diabetes in 13% women, preeclampsia in 9% women, eclampsia in 8% women, and hyperemesis gravidarum in 3% women were also present. Purposive sampling, structured questionnaires covering demographics, pregnancy history, and hematological profiles, along with electronic or paper administration, were employed for data collection. Pregnant women with pathologies (N=100) were compared to non-pregnant healthy women (N=100). Statistical analyses were done using spss v26 and Microsoft Excel. Significant differences were found in hematological indices: Hematocrit 35±3.17% compared to control group 38.91±3.67%, P < 0.05, hemoglobin 9.70 ± 0.99 g/dL compared to control group 11.17 ± 0.95 g/dL, P < 0.05, white blood cells and platelets count (P < 0.05) was found statistically significant. These findings highlight the importance of dynamic nature of hematological changes during pregnancy. Hematological parameters, including White Blood Cells count, Red Blood Cells count, platelet count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration, Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin, and Mean Cell Volume, exhibited variations in pregnant women with pathologies compared to non-pregnant healthy women