PER OPERATIVE AND POST OPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS IN EARLY VERSUS ELECTIVE CHOLECYSTECTOMY WITH ACUTE CALCULUS CHOLECYSTITIS

Abstract

Objective: To compare per-operative and post-operative complications in early versus elective cholecystectomy with acute calculus cholecystitis.

Study Design: Prospective comparative study.

Place and Duration of Study: Surgical Department, Combined Military Hospital Sialkot from Jul 2023 to Jul 2024.

Methods: Fifty patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute calculous cholecystitis confirmed by clinical and imaging findings as per TG18 criteria were divided into two groups of twenty-five individuals each. Group A underwent early cholecystectomy, while Group B had elective cholecystectomy. Perioperative and postoperative complications were compared between both groups.

Results: The study included 50 patients equally divided into early and elective groups. The mean age was 45.00 ± 6.837 years in Group A (early cholecystectomy) and 43.84 ± 7.284 years in Group B (elective cholecystectomy). Group A had 5 (20%) males and 20 (80%) females, while Group B had 4 (16%) males and 21 (84%) females. Group A showed slightly higher rates of bile/stone spillage (12% vs. 8%) and lower rates of conversion to open surgery (4% vs. 8%) and hemorrhage (8% vs. 16%), although these differences were not statistically significant. Postoperative complications, including bile leakage and wound infection, were lower in Group A but did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusion: Both early and elective cholecystectomy are safe and effective for acute calculous cholecystitis, with no significant differences in perioperative and postoperative complications. Early cholecystectomy may offer slightly lower complication rates, making it a viable option for managing ACC.