EFFECT OF SODIUM GLUCOSE CO-TRANSPORTER-2 (SGLT-2) INHIBITORS ON BODY MASS INDEX AFTER 3 MONTHS OF USE IN DIABETIC PATIENTS

Abstract

Objective: To compare the mean change in body mass index after using sodium glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors versus placebo in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Study design: “Quasi-experimental study.”

Place and duration of study: “Department of Medicine, Combined Military Hospital Multan for 6 months i.e. from 01 October 2024 till 31 March 2025.

Methodology: Sample size of 360 diabetic individuals were enrolled and divided in two groups. In group A, individuals were prescribed oral 100 gram Empagliflozin tablet along with diet plan and exercise. In group B, diet plan and exercise were prescribed. All patients were followed-up for about three months. BMI was measured before and after three months and mean change was calculated. All this information was recorded on Proforma and analysed in SPSS v.25.

Results: The mean age of individuals in SGLT-2 group was 50.30 ± 12.29 years, while in control group was 49.71 ± 110.99 years. In SGLT-2 group, there were 97 (53.9%) males while 83 (46.1%) females. In control group, there were 92 (51.1%) males while 88 (48.9%) females. The mean change in weight was observed as 5.69 ± 1.39 kg vs. 2.42 ± 1.20 kg in both groups, respectively, showing more change with SGLT-2 as compared to control group (p<0.0001). The mean change in BMI was observed as 2.00 ± 0.50 kg/m²vs. 0.85 ± 0.42 kg/m² in both groups, respectively, showing more change with SGLT-2 as compared to control group (p<0.0001).

Conclusion: Thus, SGTL-2 inhibitors are effective in reducing BMI of diabetic patients as well as maintain glycemic index.