COMPARISON OF FREQUENCY OF POST-OPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING (PONV) WITH COMBINATION OF LIDOCAINE PLUS DEXMEDETOMIDINE VERSUS LIDOCAINE ALONE IN PATIENTS OF LAPAROSCOPIC HYSTERECTOMY UNDER GENERAL ANESTHESIA

Abstract

Background: Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) cause considerable discomfort and delayed recovery. This study compared the incidence of PONV between lidocaine alone and lidocaine plus dexmedetomidine in laparoscopic hysterectomy in local settings to fill this gap.  

Objective: To compare the frequency of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) with combination of lidocaine plus dexmedetomidine versus lidocaine alone in patients of laparoscopic hysterectomy under general anesthesia.    

Duration: Six months w.e.f.  09-05-2024 to 08-11-2024

Methodology: A total of 92 female patients aged 40-60 years, with ASA status I or II, scheduled for laparoscopic hysterectomy, were included in the study. They were divided into two groups: Group L (lidocaine) and Group LD (lidocaine and dexmedetomidine), with 46 patients in each group. Participants were randomly assigned using a lottery method. Group L received lidocaine, while Group LD received both lidocaine and dexmedetomidine. Patients were monitored for PONV in the PACU for up to 24 hours.

Results: The study included 92 patients with a mean age of 48.46±6.08 years and a mean BMI of 24.78±2.92 kg/m². ASA-I patients made up 45.7%, and ASA-II patients made up 54.3%. Most patients were non-smokers (94.6%). The mean duration of procedure was 101.58 ± 11.31 minutes. Group L had 39.1% PONV incidence, while Group LD had 19.6%, a statistically significant difference (p = 0.039) was observed. 

Conclusion: In conclusion, the combination of dexmedetomidine and lidocaine (Group LD) significantly reduced the incidence of PONV compared to lidocaine alone (Group L) (p = 0.039). Although Group LD showed lower PONV rates in all subgroups, some lacked statistical significance due to the small sample size.