HONEYBEE IN ECOSYSTEM: STUDY OF THEIR ECOLOGICAL ROLES AND ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTION

Abstract

Honeybees are necessary for maintaining agricultural yield and balance in the environment. In this review article the classification of honeybees, their habitats and distribution in the geographical regions are being explored. Honeybees have a crucial role in the natural process of pollination and facilitates plants in reproduction and long-term soil fertility. Honeybees also have a key role in maintaining food chains and they also affect both wild territory and conserved areas. Biotic components like pests, pathogens and abiotic components like pesticides, cold effect the functioning, longevity and health of honeybees. Honeybees are also known as natural bioindicators as they are defensive to contaminants, fertilizers, pesticides and habitat loss. Decline in overall population of honeybees brought about chain reactions of environmental impacts due to different factors like use of agrochemicals, habitat degradation, climate change and diseases. Such limitations call attention to the critical requirement for protection efforts by risking balance of environment, species richness and agricultural yield. Impactful protecting efforts include tracking population of honeybees, their well-being, habitat rehabilitation and using renewable agricultural practices. In this study ecological behavior of honeybees and their interactions with environment is reviewed here which also emphasizes subjects for future consideration to assure their protection.