Assessment of the acute toxicity for methanolic Leaf extract of Solanum melongena L. in Swiss albino mice

Abstract

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) is a therapeutically significant vegetable known for its diverse therapeutic properties. The current research aimed to conduct the acute toxicity study of methanolic peel extract of S. melongena in Swiss albino mice. Mice received an oral dose of methanolic peel extract (2000 mg/kg body weight) and were observed over a period of eight consecutive days. Mice were dissected after the end of acute period and their blood was sampled for different biochemical (ALT, AST, ALP, Uric acid, Urea, Creatinine, LDL, HDL) and hematological indices (RBCs, MCV, WBCs, Hematocrit, Platelets, Hemoglobin) and some major organs (liver, kidneys, spleen, lungs, heart) were surgically removed for histopathological analysis. The treated group of mice showed no significant alterations in biochemical and hematological parameters when compared with the control group. The histopathological assessment of the major organs did not reveal any toxic effects of the extract. The results demonstrating that the methanolic peel extract of S. melongena is non-toxic and safe at the selected dose, indicating a possible applicability of the peel extract in the therapeutic practice. Nonetheless, additional sub-acute and chronic toxicity research is necessary to ascertain the safety in the long-term.