TERMITES AS ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS IN TROPICAL AND SUBTROPICAL ECOSYSTEMS

Abstract

Important ecosystem engineers are termites. Termites build enormous underground tubes and mounds that change properties of the soil, both physical and chemical. This activity also enhances water infiltration and soil aeration, which are known as fertility hotspots. These are abundant in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, making them vital nutrients for the growth of plants. Further it helps organic matter break down, converting cellulose-based materials into nutrients that plants can need. Termites have an impact on soil structure and nutrient distribution at many different sizes, ranging from aggregate to the landscape level. Termites preserve ecosystems during droughts by preserving humidity in the soil in tropical rainforests. The surrounding landscape's greater microbiological plant and animal variety is supported by dear mountains and activities. By breaking things down and releasing nutrients, termites operate as essential carbon cyclers and promote decomposition.