EFFECTS OF HIGH-PROTEIN AND HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE DIETS ON HEMATOLOGICAL, BIOCHEMICAL, AND GLUCOSE PROFILES IN RABBITS

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of high protein and high carbohydrate diets on blood clinical and glucose values in rabbits. Male domestic rabbits (n=18) were purchased from the local market of Hyderabad and brought to the animal house at FAHVS, SAU Tandojam. Rabbits were assigned to three groups: Group A (control), Group B (85% carbohydrate) and Group C (65% protein). They were placed in a controlled, age-appropriate environment with unrestricted access to feed and water. The experimental trial was held for 6 weeks. The results revealed that Group C (10.98±0.36) had consistently higher numbers of RBCs than Group A (7.03±0.46) and Group B (5.037±0.33). WBC count was significantly elevated in Group B (23.060±1.0126) than in Group A (9.742±0.29) and Group C (8.60±0.45). Hb count was significantly elevated in Group C (9.87 3± 0.37) than in Group A (8.298± 0.943) and Group B (5.825± 0.081). ALT count was significantly elevated in Group C (118.00±4.27) than in Group A (39.33±3.32) and Group B (73.00±4.48). AST count was significantly elevated in Group B (121.17±5.49) than in Group A (47.00±2.21) and Group C (67.18±3.52). GGT count was significantly elevated in Group C (14.00±1.46) than in Group A (4.10±0.27) and Group B (11.00±0.97). Total protein (TP) count was significantly elevated in Group C (10.747 ±0.20) than in Group A (4.5333±0.42) and Group B (2.2583±0.863). Albumin count was significantly elevated in Group C (7.2067±0.2557) than in Group A (3.4333±0.2578) and Group B (0.2900±0.0347). Globulin count was significantly increased in Group C (7.2161±0.2659) compared to Group A (3.4423±0.2776) and Group B (0.2800±0.0345). Glucose count was significantly elevated in Group B (277.17 ± 20.51) than in Group A (92.33 ± 3.48) and Group C (10.33 ± 8.59). Total cholesterol count showed no significant differences between the groups, with Group A (74.167±2.77) being slightly higher than Group B (12.00±1.18) and Group C (19.00±1.59). HDL-Cholesterol count was significantly elevated in Group C (29.00±1.32) than in Group A (4.80±0.14) and Group B (16.00±1.65). LDL-Cholesterol count was significantly elevated in Group C (34.00±3.12) than in Group A (32.00±0.97) and Group B (4.50±0.84). Triacylglycerol count was significantly elevated in Group B (27.83±3.10) than in Group A (10.28±0.66) and Group C (10.28±0.66). Bilirubin count was significantly elevated in Group B (0.8400±0.0603) than in Group A (0.8400±0.0603) and Group C (0.2800±0.0493). The results suggest that elevated levels of carbohydrates and protein have a positive impact on the general well-being of rabbits. This was evidenced by alterations in the CBC count, elevation of LFTs due to high protein intake, modification of the lipid profile, and an increase in blood glucose values.