MEASLES VACCINATION EFFECTIVENESS AMONG CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OF AGE IN QASIMABAD (URBAN) HYDERABAD

Abstract

Measles remains a highly contagious viral disease and a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among children under five years of age, particularly in developing countries like Pakistan. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine under the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI), measles outbreaks continue to occur due to gaps in vaccination coverage, incomplete immunization, and other socio-demographic factors. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of measles vaccination among children under five years of age in Qasimabad (Urban), Hyderabad.A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. The study population comprised children aged 0–59 months residing in Qasimabad. A sample size of 160 participants was selected using Slovin’s formula. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire covering demographic characteristics, vaccination status and history of measles infection, risk factors, and parental awareness. Data analysis was performed using SPSS.The results revealed that only 33.8% of children were immunized against measles, while 66.3% were not immunized. Regarding overall vaccination status, 22.5% of children were fully vaccinated, 23.1% were partially vaccinated, and 24.4% were not vaccinated at all. The findings indicate low vaccination coverage and highlight significant gaps in immunization practices. Various factors such as parental education, socioeconomic status, healthcare access, and awareness were found to influence vaccination uptake.The study concludes that measles vaccination effectiveness in the study area is compromised due to incomplete immunization and low coverage. Strengthening immunization programs, improving parental awareness, and ensuring timely vaccination are essential to reduce measles incidence. The findings provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals and policymakers to develop targeted interventions for improving child health outcomes.