PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT ON PATIENTS WITH ORAL CANCER BEFORE UNDERGOING RECONSTRUCTION IN JPMC

Abstract

Objective: This objective of the study is to assess the psychological impact, levels of distress using standardized tools among patients after oral cancer diagnosis before undergoing for reconstructive surgery at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi.

Background: Oral cancer represents a major public health concern and is frequently associated with significant psychological distress. In addition to the burden of diagnosis, anticipation of reconstructive surgery introduces unique emotional challenges related to fear of disfigurement, functional impairment, and uncertainty about treatment outcomes.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 20^th 2025 to January 15^th 2026 involving 100 adult patients diagnosed with oral cancer and scheduled for reconstructive surgery though convenience sampling technique. Quantitative assessment of anxiety, depression, and psychological distress was performed using HADS and the Distress Thermometer. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0.

Results: The majority of participants were female (67%), while males accounted for 33%. Most patients were married (65%), and 47% belonged to the lower socioeconomic class. The most common type of oral cancer was Squamous Cell Carcinoma (63%) mostly (25%) reported on buccal mucosa. Anxiety scores differed significantly across socioeconomic classes, with patients from lower socioeconomic groups reporting higher anxiety (p = 0.040).

Conclusion: Patients with oral cancer experience significant psychological distress following diagnosis and before reconstructive surgery. Routine psychological screening and early psychosocial interventions should be integrated into oral cancer care to improve overall patient outcomes