FREQUENCY OF ABO-INCOMPATIBILITY IN NEONATAL JAUNDICE

Abstract

Background:
ABO incompatibility is a major cause of hemolytic illness in this age group, and neonatal jaundice is a common reason for hospital admission among infants. To avoid major consequences like kernicterus, early detection is crucial.

Objective:
To ascertain the prevalence of ABO incompatibility and related variables in newborns exhibiting jaundice.

Methodology:
Over the course of six months, a cross-sectional study was carried out at the pediatrics department at Bolan Medical College in Quetta. A total of 268 newborns with jaundice were included. Maternal and newborn characteristics were documented, and statistical correlations were examined using SPSS version 26's chi-square method.

Results:
44.8% of newborns had ABO incompatibility. Maternal age (p=0.105), neonatal age (p=0.499), gestational age (p=0.223), birth weight (p=0.656), and mode of delivery (p=0.877) did not show any significant correlation. In 47.8% of the cases, the direct Coombs test was positive.

Conclusion:
One of the main causes of newborn jaundice in our area is ABO incompatibility. Severe problems can be avoided with prompt care, early Coombs testing, and routine blood grouping.