IMPACT OF PELVIC RADIOTHERAPY ON REPRODUCTIVE FERTILITY OUTCOMES

Abstract

Pelvic radiotherapy is a widely used treatment modality for pelvic malignancies; however, its potential impact on reproductive fertility outcomes remains a critical concern among cancer survivors. This study aimed to assess the effects of pelvic radiotherapy on reproductive fertility outcomes and identify associated clinical, demographic, and treatment-related factors influencing fertility impairment. A quantitative, descriptive-correlational research design was employed, involving 200 cancer patients who had received pelvic radiotherapy. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and medical record reviews and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques, including chi-square tests, correlation, and multiple regression analysis, were applied. The findings revealed that a significant proportion of participants experienced fertility impairment, with 76% reporting reduced fertility or complete infertility. A strong negative correlation was observed between radiotherapy dose and fertility outcomes (r = -0.62, p < 0.05). Regression analysis indicated that higher radiotherapy doses, older age, and concurrent chemotherapy were significant predictors of poor fertility outcomes, whereas fertility-preservation interventions were associated with improved reproductive outcomes. The study concludes that pelvic radiotherapy has a substantial adverse effect on reproductive fertility, emphasizing the need for early fertility counseling and integration of fertility-preservation strategies into oncology care. The results highlight the importance of balancing oncological effectiveness with reproductive health preservation in cancer treatment planning.