CLINICAL OUTCOMES AND TOXICITY PROFILE OF CONCURRENT CHEMORADIOTHERAPY IN HEAD AND NECK CANCER PATIENTS

Abstract

Background: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced head and neck cancers; however, it is associated with significant treatment-related toxicities that may compromise compliance and clinical outcomes.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes and toxicity profile of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer.

Methods: A quantitative observational (retrospective/prospective) study design was employed among diagnosed head and neck cancer patients receiving CCRT. Clinical response was assessed using RECIST criteria, while treatment-related toxicities were graded according to CTCAE guidelines. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including chi-square tests and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis.

Results: The findings demonstrated that CCRT achieved favorable tumor response, with a high proportion of patients showing complete and partial responses. However, a considerable burden of acute toxicities, including mucositis, dysphagia, dermatitis, and hematological suppression, was observed. Severe (Grade III–IV) toxicities were significantly associated with treatment interruptions and reduced compliance (p < 0.05). Survival analysis indicated improved disease control among patients who completed full treatment cycles.

Conclusion: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy remains an effective modality for head and neck cancers, offering meaningful tumor control. However, its clinical effectiveness is limited by substantial toxicity, emphasizing the need for optimized supportive care and individualized treatment strategies.