FETO MATERNAL OUTCOME OF FEMALES PRESENTING WITH PLACENTA ABRUPTION

Abstract

Objective: Placental abruption is an obstetric emergency which carries substantial neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality rates. The aim of this study was to assess the fetomaternal outcomes in women who presented with placental abruption.

Material and Methods: The study was a prospective comparative cohort study in a tertiary care hospital. A total of 154 pregnant females diagnosed by consecutive sampling as plainly having placental abruption. Maternal demographic data, obstetric history, clinical presentation, maternal complications, mode of delivery and neonatal outcomes were documented. Maternal outcomes were postpartum hemorrhage, blood transfusion, coagulation abnormalities and intensive care admission. SPSS v.25 was used for data analysis. Statistically significant differences were determined by a p-value <0.05.

Results: A total of 154 patients were included, with 77 patients in each group. Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. Cessation of hemoptysis at 30 minutes was achieved in 56 (72.7%) patients in the inhaled tranexamic acid group compared with 39 (50.6%) in the intravenous group (p=0.006). Significant reduction in hemoptysis at 24 hours was observed in 71 (92.2%) versus 60 (77.9%) patients, respectively (p=0.018). Mean blood volume after 24 hours was significantly lower in the inhaled group (18.5±12.6 mL vs 31.7±18.9 mL; p<0.001). Adverse effects were comparable between groups (9.1% vs 11.7%; p=0.62).

Conclusion: Placental abruption was associated with considerable maternal and neonatal complications. The high prevalence of postpartum hemorrhage, operative delivery, prematurity, NICU admission, and perinatal mortality indicated a need for early detection, ongoing monitoring and care for mother and fetus, and prompt and timely multidisciplinary management to reduce complications.