EFFECTS OF WORKPLACE VIOLENCE REGARDING NURSES’ JOB SATISFACTION, TURNOVER INTENTION AND QUALITY CARE IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF LAHORE, PAKISTAN

Abstract

Introduction: Workplace violence is a growing concern in healthcare settings worldwide, and nurses are particularly vulnerable to its effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of workplace violence on job satisfaction, turnover intention, and quality of care among nurses working in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan.

Objective: To assess the effects of workplace violence on nurses’ job satisfaction, turnover intention and quality of care in a tertiary care hospital of Lahore, Pakistan.

Design: A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted using a pre-tested structured questionnaire containing closed-ended items measured primarily on Likert scales.

Setting and Subjects: The study was conducted over a six-month period (July–December 2025) at a tertiary care hospital in Lahore. A total of 160 staff nurses were selected through convenient sampling.

Results: High prevalence of workplace violence was reported: patients toward nurses (68.8%), doctors toward nurses (67.5%), hospital staff toward nurses (65%), visitors toward nurses (57.5%), and nurses toward other nurses (57.5%). Workplace violence was significantly positively correlated with job satisfaction scores in the regression model (β = 0.618, p < 0.001) and with turnover intention (r = 0.177, p = 0.025), and significantly negatively correlated with quality of care (r = −0.413, p < 0.001). Job satisfaction was also significantly associated with turnover intention and quality of care.

Conclusion: Nurses in the study setting experienced a high burden of workplace violence, which was associated with lower quality of care and elevated turnover intention. Interventions to reduce workplace violence and improve job satisfaction are needed to protect nurses and maintain quality of patient care.