RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ULTRASONOGRAPHY AND HISTO-PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES IN POLYCYSTIC OVARIES SYNDROME

Abstract

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting the women of reproductive age, characterized by the irregular menstrual cycles, infertility, and hormonal imbalances. Ultrasonography plays an crucial role in the diagnosing of PCOS by assessing ovarian morphology, particularly the presence of the polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM). 

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between ultrasonographic findings and histopathological changes in patients diagnosed with PCOS.

Methodology: A total of 40 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of th PCOS were included. Transvaginal ultrasound was performed to measure the ovarian volume, follicle count, and stromal thickness. Histopathological evaluations were conducted on specimens obtained during ovarian surgeries, assessing features like follicular atresia, capsule thickening, and theca cell hyperplasia. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the correlations between ultrasonographic and histopathological findings.

Results: Significant positive correlations were found between the ovarian volume and follicular atresia (r = 0.891, p < 0.001) and capsule thickening (r = 0.891, p < 0.001). Follicle count also correlated strongly with the follicular atresia (r = 0.880, p < 0.001). No significant correlation was observed with the stromal thickness. The findings confirm that ultrasonographic assessments are valuable in diagnosing and understanding PCOS. The strong correlations with histopathological features support the integration of imaging techniques in clinical practice.

Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of combining ultrasonography and  the histopathological analysis in the diagnosing PCOS and highlights the need for standardized diagnostic criteria to enhance the  patient care. Further research with larger cohorts is recommended to validate these findings