Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): The Research of Medical Science Review | The Research of Medical Science Review

THE INFLUENCE OF CHATGPT ON THE LEARNING OUTCOMES OF NURSING STUDENTS: CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY IN ISLAMABAD

Muhammad Aaqib, Naureen Fazal, Saira Abbas, Atia Bibi, Hafiz Muhammad Kaleem Ullah Shah, Usman Farooq, Laiba Kainat, Elisha Anwar, Alexander Francis (Author)

01-10

PDF

PROXIMATE COMPOSITION, MINERAL ANALYSIS, PHYSICOCHEMICAL, ANTIBACTERIAL AND CYTOTOXIC PROPERTIES OF PSIDIUM GUAJAVA L. SEED

Javid Ali, Rabia Iqbal, Farida Munir, Sayyad Ali, Hamid Hussain Afridi, Akhtar Aman, Aroosa Zafar, Sana Nabi, Mareeha Hayat, Naila Gulfam (Author)

811-821

.pdf

IMPACT OF FEED ON MILK PRODUCTION AND COMPOSITION IN DAIRY CATTLE

Muhammad Jawad Khan, Ray Adil Quddus, Aqsa Khaliq, Yasir Hussain Dashti, Fakhra Anam, Zaheer Ahmad, Muhammad Sheraz Anwar, Mian Muhammad Salman, Hafsa Tahir, Qamar Ullah (Author)

11-16

PDF

PERCEPTIONS OF NURSING STUDENTS REGARDING THE USE OF CHATGPT IN ACADEMIC LEARNING AT HAYATABAD MEDICAL COMPLEX COLLEGE OF NURSING, PESHAWAR

Ruqayya Afridi, Laiba Hoor, Umme Habiba, Neha Sundas Patras, Nausheen Alam, Sania Shah, Bushra Zahid, Amna Khalil (Author)

17-26

PDF

DEVELOPMENT AND RELIABILITY OF AN INSTRUMENTED ASSESSMENT PROTOCOL FOR UPPER LIMB MOVEMENTS IN DYSKINETIC CEREBRAL PALSY

Qasim Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Usman Ali, Muhammad Waqas Waheed, Shah Rukh Ijaz, Umair Ashfaq, Sana Kamran (Author)

27-33

PDF

POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (PCOS) FEMALE HORMONE IMBALANCE

Zanib (Author)

34-43

PDF

PERCEPTIONS AND BARRIERS REGARDING IMPLEMENTATION OF EBP AMONG NURSES WORKING IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL PESHAWAR KP

Muhammad Talha, Farman Ullah Khan, Ijaz Ahmad, Sawera Khetab, Sumaira, Bushra Raza (Author)

44-53

PDF

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AWARENESS AND ACCEPTANCE AMONG NURSES IN PAKISTAN: IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE

Anjum Rashid, Nazia Kouser, Dr. Shah Hussain (Author)

54-62

PDF

ASSESSING KNOWLEDGE OF NURSES REGARDING SURGICAL SITE INFECTION AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, SWAT

Nasar Mian, Lubna Louis Samuel, Noreen Yousaf, Zeenat Saleem, Ameral Mizhab, Riffat Munir (Author)

63-70

PDF

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AND CARDIO-METABOLIC OUTCOMES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS EVALUATING THE RISK OF DIABETES, CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS, AND MORTALITY

Ahmad Maher Alharazneh, Abdulkader Ghassan Habra, Sajeda Omar Salem, Kinzaa Batool Khanum, Rayan Tariq Amin Hussain, Fathima Safa, Maitha Alhammadi, Gargi Sharma, Alina Hakim, Khuzami Moaied Rashad Odeh, Owais Mudassir, Muhammad Abdullah, Arooj Iftikhar (Author)

71-83

PDF

COMPLIANCE OF SPECTACLES IN SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH REFRACTIVE ERRORS

Jannat Masood, Saadia Chaman Altaf, Usman Ahmed, Nimra (Author)

84-98

PDF

EFFECTS OF NICOTINE ON BONE GROWTH AND WEIGHT IN WISTAR RAT PUPS DURING PREGNANCY: A CASE CONTROL STUDY

Ammara Waqar, Asad Tamiz ud Din, Hamid Mahmood, Asif Hanif, Amina Sajid, Ravi Kant, Suleman Atique, Imran Hanif Hashmi, Bilal Hassan, Tahira Asif Hanif (Author)

114-123

PDF

SENSITIVITY OF EXERCISE TOLERANCE TEST AND CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASES IN REHMAN MEDICAL INSTITUTE PESHAWAR

Afaq Ali Khan, Uzair Khan, Sara Ameen, Zakria Zaman, Abdul Wali Jan, Muhammad Imran Sarwar, Musadiq Khan (Author)

124-133

PDF

EFFECTIVENESS OF MECHANICAL AND MANUAL CERVICAL TRACTION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF CERVICAL RADICULOPATHY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Rehan Ramzan Khan, Naseebullah Sheikh, Ibraheem Zafar, Zohaib Shahid, Syed Asadullah Arslan, Muhammad Junaid Ijaz, Muhammad Naveed Babur (Author)

134-141

PDF

HEAVY METAL POLLUTION LINKED TO OIL AND GAS OPERATIONS IN KARAK, PAKISTAN

Asad Zamir, Muhammad Arshad, Basit Ali Shah, Afaq Ahmad (Author)

195-210

PDF

EXPLORING THE LINK BETWEEN POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (PCOS) AND INSULIN RESISTANCE IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE

Dr. Hira Ahmed, Nida Masood, Dr. Sabah Talib, Tehmina Aziz Qureshi, Sadia Nasir Kayani, Mohammad Asad Shaheen Baloch, Hammad Shafiq, Saad Qayum (Author)

211-225

PDF

GENETIC CLOCKS IN AGING: NOVEL THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES TO DELAY BIOLOGICAL AGING — A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL

Dr. Mohammad Asad Shaheen Baloch, Sidra Siddique, Maria Zainab, Summat Abbas, Irfan Ishaque, Noor Ul Ain, Hammad Shafiq (Author)

226-239

PDF

UNLOCKING THE HEALING POWER OF DHAMASA BOOTI (FAGONIA SPP.): A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF PHYTOCHEMISTRY, PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES, AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL

Umar Farooq Alahmad, Kumail Shahbaz, Muhammad Ali Hasnain Ghafari, Mehak Qasim, Zahra Shafiq, Ayesha Ghafoor, Zainab Chaudhary (Author)

240-246

PDF

BIOPROSPECTING FOOD INDUSTRY EFFLUENTS FOR ENZYME-PRODUCING BACTERIA: MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND PRODUCTION ENHANCEMENT

Muhammad Saqib Khalil, Arooj, Bilal Nasir, Sulha Syed, Hafsa, Naila Gulfam, Abdul Qadir (Author)

247-264

PDF

A STUDY OF TRANFUSION TRANMISTTED INFECTIONS AMONG VARIOUS BLOOD DONORS TO ENHANCE SCREENING STRATAGIES FOR RISK REDUCTION

Muhammad Saqib Khalil, Shahzadi, Imran Khan, Naila Gulfam, Bushra Umar, Sulha Syed, Hafsa, Abdul Qadir, Zarak Khan (Author)

265-279

PDF

MODELLING METHODS OF MEDIAN NERVE FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME: A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Gul Munir, Muhammad Zeeshan Ul Haque, Muhammad Fahad Shamim, Sarmad Shams, Tooba Khan, Natasha Mukhtiar (Author)

280-298

PDF

REVIEW: THE ROLE OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA IN HUMAN IDENTIFICATION

Hina Khanzada, Dr Ishrat Bibi, Memoona Laghari, Savera Talpur, Gulsher Junejo, Uzain Khan, Abdul Rauf Khokhar (Author)

299-304

PDF

ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE AND BREASTFEEDING PRACTICES AMONG LACTATING WOMEN IN DERA ISMAIL KHAN, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN

Rida Asghar, Hina Ayub, Aqsa Aman (Author)

305-311

PDF

A PSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF PREOPERATIVE ANXIETY, STRESSORS, AND ANXIETY-REDUCTION STRATEGIES IN ELECTIVE SURGICAL PATIENTS

Israr Uddin, Amir Wahab, Imran Khan (Author)

312-322

PDF

EARLY DETECTION OF GAIT PATTERNS IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Sasuee Khatoon, Sarmad Shams, Fahad Shamim, Sehreen Moorat, Ali Muhammad Waryah (Author)

323-333

Pdf

ROLE OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS IN ENHANCING CROP PRODUCTIVITY

Kashif Younas, Sumaira Hidayat, Muhammad Amir Rashid, Sohail Hayat, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Shawal, Shahrukh Ali, Rimsha Zainab, Atiq Ur Rahman, Nabeel Manshoor (Author)

334-351

Pdf

INTEGRATING ANALYSIS OF MICROBIAL COMMUNITY COMPOSITION AND FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY IN MEMBRANE BIOREACTOR TECHNOLOGY APPLIED TO RURAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT

Dr. Tahseen Ismail, Faiqa Saleem, Samim Bashir, Mehvish Parveen, Sehar Naeem, Naila Jahangir (Author)

352-364

PDF

COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF RIGID, HINGED, AND DYNAMIC ANKLE–FOOT ORTHOSES ON GAIT AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Muhammad Rashid Hussain, Aqsa Atlas Javed, Sehrish Aslam, Saba Sajjad, Faizan Elahi Faizan, Mauz Mukhtar, Jalil Ahmad, Sughra Sawera (Author)

365-377

PDF

HIGH TROPONIN, LOW HDL: UNRAVELING THE METABOLIC PARADOX IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME PATIENTS

Muhammad Asif Zeb, Mujahid Khan, Haji Hussain, Muhammad Ilyas, Muhammad Usama, Muhammad Ishaq, Amjid Ali, Shah Faisal Jamal (Author)

378-387

PDF

CLINICAL AUDIT OF AZITHROMYCIN-BASED THERAPY FOR HELICOBACTER PYLORI INFECTION IN A PEDIATRIC PATIENT AT PRIME CARE HOSPITAL

Dr Shanza Nazish, Dr Muhammad Jahanzaib, Dr Hafiza Sidra Khan, Dr Karima Jamil, Dr Maimoona Akram, Dr Muhammad Waseem Abbas (Author)

388-389

PDF

INVESTIGATING ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE PATTERNS IN SALMONELLA ISOLATES: A PUBLIC HEALTH PERSPECTIVE

Hafiza Misbah Munir, Aqsa Khaliq, Muneeba Qamar, Bushra Rasool, Maha Ishtiaq, Hafsa Tahir, Muhammad Irfan, Muhammad Zain Saleem, Umber Rauf, Mehwish Malik (Author)

390-397

PDF

CRISPR-CAS9 FOR IMPROVING DROUGHT TOLERANCE IN CROPS

Ayesha Akram, Tahira Bibi, Aqsa Khaliq, Sarfraz Kiani (Author)

398-405

PDF

INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR STERNAL WOUND DEHISCENCE AFTER OPEN HEART SURGERY

Noor Fatima, Dr. Maham Qazi, Muhammad Wajid Munir, Hafiz Shehzad Muzammil, Asjed Sanaullah, Muhammad Noman Rafique (Author)

406-424

PDF

IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECTS OF EDIBLE MUSHROOMS AS A SOURCE OF NOVEL BIOMARKERS FOR EARLY CANCER DETECTION: A CLINICAL APPROACH

Abeeha Shahzad Khan, Fiza Shahbaz Ahmad, Ayesha Jabeen, Hafiz Ayaz Ahmad, Hifsa Mobeen (Author)

425-434

PDF

INCIDENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF OBSTRUCTED LABOR LEADING TO EMERGENCY HYSTERECTOMY IN PAKISTAN: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

Rida Asghar, Naseem Saba, Rakhshinda Inam, Hina Ayub, Aqsa Aman (Author)

435-443

PDF

HIGH PREVALENCE AND INDEPENDENT PREDICTORS OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS WITH INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASES

Dr Naib Shah, Dr Kamran Khan, Dr. Naveen Kumar, Dr. Saifullah, Dr Aftab Ali (Author)

444-451

PDF

ROLE OF ULTRASOUND FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME, PESHAWAR

Sundas Kalsoom, Ayesha Khan, Muhammad Waqas, Muhammad Arif, Musadiq Khan, Umer Majeed (Author)

452-457

PDF

THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON THE SELF-MEDICATION OF MAGNESIUM GLYCINATE

Wardha Tanveer, Maira Nisar, Yasmin Baluch (Author)

458-464

Pdf

EFFECTS OF DIETARY PROBIOTICS ON GROWTH AND HEMATOLOGICAL INDICES OF COMMON CARP (CYPRINUS CARPIO)

Hamza Yousaf, Muhammad Rauf, Muhammad Idrees, Muhammad Sohail Khan, Muhammad Khalil Khan, Muhammad Sadat, Sadia Mubeen, Shawana Nawaz, Shehzad Zareen (Author)

465-478

PDF

AWARENESS AND PRACTICES OF BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION AMONG FEMALE HEALTH SCIENCE STUDENTS IN DISTRICT BANNU

Samina Bibi, Shaista Naz, Muhammad Rizwan, Meherun Nisa, Afnan, Adinash habib (Author)

479-487

PDF

SONOGRAPHIC CORRELATION BETWEEN PORTAL VEIN DIAMETER AND SPLEEN LENGTH IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE

Tehreem Sehar, Dr. Muhammad Akhtar Jamil, Shahid Shafaat Bajwa, Bushra Rehman, Dr. Hafiza Fatima Naseem, Naveed Hussain, Muhammad Shahanshah (Author)

488-508

PDF

ADOPTION AND PERCEPTIONS OF GAMIFICATION-BASED PHYSIOTHERAPY IN PEDIATRIC NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Alina, Khalid Aziz, Rabia Khan, Prem Lata, Muhammad Tanveer, Syeda Sana Waheed (Author)

509-516

PDF

SPATIAL AND GENDER-SPECIFIC TOXICOKINETICS PATTERNS OF HEAVY METALS IN CYPRINUS CARPIO FROM RIVER JHELUM, PAKISTAN

Jehan Zeb, Shahid Mahmood, Maham Irshad, Majida Bibi, Laiba Subtain, Jaweria Syed, Khudeeja Nawaz, Shanza Kanwal (Author)

517-523

PDF

AVIAN ATTRITION: A CRITICAL REVIEW OF ILLICIT HUNTING AND TRAPPING PRACTICES TARGETING MIGRATORY BIRD SPECIES

Maham Irshad, Shahid Mahmood, Narjis Batool, Muhammad Ilyas, Tayyaba Saif, Khadija Zia, Mahnoor Liaqat, Arouj Fatima (Author)

524-530

PDF

HEAVY METAL-INDUCED ECOTOXICITY IN CHIROPTERA: A REVIEW OF IMPACTS ON BIOLOGICAL TRAITS AND ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES

Shahid Mahmood, Fariha Ghafoor, Fozia Jabeen, Khadija Zia, Tayyaba Saif, Abdul Rehman, Javeria Rasheed, Omaina Gondal, Rida Shahzad (Author)

531-537

PDF

BIOACCUMULATION PATTERNS OF LEAD AND CADMIUM IN WILD DUCKS: IMPLICATIONS FOR AVIAN HEALTH AND ECOSYSTEM MONITORING

Shahid Mahmood, Rabia Amer, Aleena Iftikhar, Hammad Ul Hassan, Muhammad Faheem Sarwar, Fozia Jabeen, Majida Bibi, Mahnoor Madsar, Rimsha Shafaqat Ali (Author)

538-551

PDF

CLIMATE-DRIVEN SHIFTS IN AGRICULTURAL INSECT PEST DYNAMICS: PROJECTED IMPACTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT

Sawera Shaheen, Shahid Mahmood, Majida Bibi, Maryam Fayyaz, Rehan Asghar, Maira, Rimsha Shafaqat Ali, Mahnoor Madsar, Tanzeel Hassan (Author)

552-564

PDF

THERMAL MODULATION AND OPTIMIZATION OF ACACIA MODESTA EXTRACT: PHYTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS

Sulha Syed, Muhammad Saqib Khalil, Muhammad Shakeel, Zainab Liaqat (Author)

565-574

PDF

EFFICIENCY OF TRIPHASIC COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY (CT) SCAN IN FOCAL TUMORAL LIVER LESIONS COMPARING WITH ULTRASOUND

Abdullah Khalid, Habiba Khalid, Fatima Chaudhary, Farzeen Latif, Zunaira Murtaza, Dur E Adan, Maaz Khan (Author)

575-599

PDF

LIPID-BASED NANOPARTICLE FORMULATION STRATEGIES FOR TARGETED DRUG, MRNA, AND GENE DELIVERY; A REVIEW

Muhammad Minhal (Author)

600-620

Pdf

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LEVELS AND BODY MASS INDEX AMONG MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Zubair Shah, Majid Hussain, Hikmat Yar, Muhammad Ikram, Tawab Hafiz (Author)

717-727

PDF

MACHINE LEARNING-BASED PATHOGENICITY PREDICTION AND PRIORITIZATION OF HBB GENE VARIANTS USING CLINVAR AND POPULATION-SCALE GENOMIC DATA

Raazia Sosan Waseem, Muhammad Hussain Habib (Author)

717-727

PDF

DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF ULTRASOUND IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS IN PATIENTS WITH RIGHT ILIAC FOSSA PAIN TAKING PER-OPERATIVE FINDINGS AS GOLD STANDARD

Rabia Anwar, Ghazala Naz, Tahira Nishtar, Hamza Javed (Author)

621-627

PDF

ADVANCEMENTS IN TRANSITION METAL-DOPED ELECTRO-CATALYSTS: CO AND MN DOPED ZNO NANOPARTICLES FOR COST-EFFECTIVE HYDROGEN PRODUCTION

Seemab Altaf, Dr. Muhammad Ali Mohsin (Author)

628-650

pdf

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THALASSEMIA PATIENTS IN KHAIRPUR, SINDH: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Safdar Ali Ujjan, Sapna, Sanober Shaikh, Naheed Akbar, Uzma Parveen, Sham Lal, Balkees Fatma Jamro, Kiran Naz Sahito (Author)

651-655

PDF

BRIDGING THE GAP: EXPLORING THE CHALLENGES IN BALANCING NURSING THEORY WITH CLINICAL PRACTICE OF BS NURSING STUDENTS

Dawood Khan, Kulsoom, Lubna Ali, Muhammad Ali, Tahira, Salman Khan, Majid Khan, Waleed Hakim Khan, Syed Uzma Paiam Bukhari (Author)

656-671

PDF

PANDEMIC PREPAREDNESS AND INTERNATIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY: RETHINKING THE ROLE OF THE WHO IN GLOBAL GOVERNANCE

Waseem Nawaz, Dr. Tansif Ur Rehman, Dr. Aisha (Author)

672-678

pdf

RISK FACTORS OF POST-DURAL PUNCTURE HEADACHE FOLLOWING LUMBAR PUNCTURE

Mudassir Yaqoob, Amjad Abbas, Muhammad Zahid Hayat, Abu Hanzala, Noor Ul Ain Aqeel, Muhammad Ahmad Arif (Author)

679-686

PDF

OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE TO VIRAL INFECTIONS IN HEALTHCARE SETTINGS: RISKS, TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS, AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES FOR BLOOD-BORNE AND AIRBORNE PATHOGENS

Bisma Nadeem, Moiza Noor, Esha Javed, Taha Sahbaz, Hina Ali Ahmed, Hafsa Noor, Mariam Tahir (Author)

687-703

PDF

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERN OF E. COLI AND SALMONELLA ISOLATED FROM DIARRHEIC CALVES IN PAKISTAN

Arfa Tehreem, Irtaza Hussain, Iqra Mubarak, Shahzad Hussain, Sajjil Ahmad, Abdul Mateen, Umair Khalil, Moeen Khan, Attaur Rahman, Faisal Khan (Author)

728-736

PDF

PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS IN PAKISTAN

Ishrat Fatima, Habiba Ameer, Aneeba Rehmat Sheikh, Gohar Khadim, Hafiza Kainat Ilyas, Attaur Rahman, Irtaza Hussain, Mirza Fahad Baig, Hammad Ahmed Hashmi (Author)

737-748

PDF

ROLE OF ULTRASOUND IN EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS- A VALIDATION STUDY

Hamza Javed, Faiza Akram, Hassan Majeed, Tayyaba Alam, Alina Farooq, Hafsa Bibi (Author)

749-757

PDF

FREQUENCY AND PATTERN OF OCULAR SURFACE DISEASE AMONG ADULTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IN PAKISTAN

Muhammad Fawad Khan, Abdul Haseeb, Muhammad Farooq, Ilyas Ahmad, Muhammad Anas, Mazhar Ali Shah, Sarah Farrukh, Tania, Mahnoor Asad Bangash, Wajeeha Naikbakht (Author)

758-769

PDF